Physics

Buoyancy Calculator

Calculate buoyant force and displaced fluid weight using Archimedes' principle.

CALCULATOR

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Instant results
4905.00 N
Buoyant Force
4905.00 N
Weight of Displaced Fluid
Archimedes' principle: F_b = ρ × V × g
F_b = 1000 × 0.5 × 9.81
Weight of displaced fluid = 4905.00 N
Buoyant force = 4905.00 N

THE NUMORIX GUIDE

How to use the Buoyancy Calculator

Last reviewed September 14, 2026

What this calculator does

Archimedes' principle gives buoyant force F_b = rho V g, where the force equals the weight of the displaced fluid.

Formula and method

Archimedes' principle gives buoyant force F_b = rho V g, where the force equals the weight of the displaced fluid. The engine reports that same value separately as displaced-fluid weight.

Variables and inputs

Enter fluid density rho in kg/m^3, displaced volume V in m^3, and gravitational acceleration g in m/s^2. The defaults are water at 1,000 kg/m^3, 0.5 m^3 displaced, and 9.81 m/s^2; the result is in newtons.

Worked example

For rho = 1,000 kg/m^3, V = 0.5 m^3, and g = 9.81 m/s^2: F_b = 1,000(0.5)(9.81) = 4,905 N. The weight of the displaced fluid is also 4,905 N.

How to interpret the result

Buoyant force acts upward and is set by the volume of fluid displaced, not directly by the object's total mass. To decide whether an object floats, compare this upward force with the object's weight and consider how its submerged volume changes.

Common mistakes to avoid

Use the submerged or displaced volume rather than the object's outside volume when it is only partly submerged. Keep density in kg/m^3, volume in m^3, and gravity in m/s^2; do not compare a force in newtons with a mass in kilograms.

Assumptions and limitations

The calculation assumes a static fluid with uniform density and a known displaced volume. It does not model fluid motion, viscosity, surface tension, compressibility, body stability, or the changing immersion of a floating object, and the input component does not validate physical ranges.

Practical use and checks

The Buoyancy Calculator applies Archimedes' principle: buoyant force equals fluid density times displaced volume times gravitational acceleration. Enter water density 1,000 kg/m^3, displaced volume 0.5 m^3, and g = 9.81 m/s^2 as a check; the force should be 4,905 N. To decide whether an object floats at a particular immersion, compare that upward force with the object's weight. A positive buoyant force alone does not prove that the object will rise or remain stable. Use the submerged or displaced volume, not automatically the object's full outside volume. A hollow boat and a solid block with the same outside dimensions can displace fluid differently at equilibrium. Keep density, volume, and gravity in compatible SI units, and compare force with force rather than mass with newtons. The model assumes a static, uniform, incompressible fluid and a known displaced volume. It omits fluid motion, viscosity, surface tension, stability, waves, changing immersion, body deformation, and the effect of trapped air. Density changes with temperature and pressure in real fluids. For a vessel, pool, or underwater load decision, calculate the equilibrium immersion and center of buoyancy separately rather than treating one fixed volume as the full flotation analysis.

Sources and references

COMMON QUESTIONS

Frequently asked questions

Which volume belongs in the formula?

Use the volume below the fluid surface, because that is the volume displacing fluid. A hollow or partly submerged object may displace much less than its full outside volume.

Does a positive buoyant force mean the object will float?

Not by itself. Compare buoyant force with the object's weight at the relevant immersion. An object can experience an upward force and still sink if its weight is greater.