Math

Complex Number Calculator

Perform arithmetic operations on complex numbers: add, subtract, multiply, and divide.

CALCULATOR

Enter your numbers

Instant results
+i
+i
4.00 + 9.00i
Result
a = 3 + 2i
b = 1 + 7i
a + b = (3 + 1) + (2 + 7)i
a + b = 4 + 9i
|result| = 9.8489

THE NUMORIX GUIDE

How to use the Complex Number Calculator

Last reviewed September 14, 2026

What this calculator does

Represent a=aReal+aImag*i and b=bReal+bImag*i.

Formula and method

Represent a=aReal+aImag*i and b=bReal+bImag*i. Add or subtract real and imaginary parts, multiply with i^2=-1, or divide by multiplying numerator and denominator by the conjugate. Report result magnitude sqrt(real^2+imag^2).

Variables and inputs

Operation defaults to Add; A defaults to 3+2i and B to 1+7i. Each complex number has separate real and imaginary fields.

Worked example

For the default addition: real part = 3+1=4, imaginary part = 2+7=9, so result = 4+9i; magnitude = sqrt(4^2+9^2) = sqrt(97) = 9.8489.

How to interpret the result

The real and imaginary components locate a point in the complex plane. Magnitude is its distance from the origin.

Common mistakes to avoid

Remember i^2=-1 when multiplying. For division, use bReal^2+bImag^2 as the denominator and do not divide real and imaginary parts independently.

Assumptions and limitations

The engine does not guard against division by the zero complex number and reports decimal components without a polar-angle result. It supports only binary arithmetic operations.

Practical use and checks

The Complex Number Calculator represents a number as a + bi and supports addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. Enter a = 3 + 2i and b = 1 + 7i and choose addition as a check; the result should be 4 + 9i with magnitude sqrt(4^2 + 9^2), about 9.8489. Choosing multiplication should give (3 + 2i)(1 + 7i) = -11 + 23i, because i squared is -1. These checks help distinguish the real and imaginary components from the magnitude. Use complex arithmetic when a quadratic has no real roots, when an AC circuit uses phasors, or when a rotation is represented algebraically. The magnitude is always nonnegative, but the real and imaginary signs carry quadrant and phase information. Division requires a nonzero divisor magnitude: dividing by 0 + 0i is undefined and can produce nonfinite output. The engine rounds the displayed division steps, so use the returned components for a closer check. It does not attach units, choose a branch for complex logarithms or roots, or model conjugate conventions beyond the four basic operations. Keep the order of operands clear for multiplication and division, since complex multiplication is commutative but division is not.

Sources and references

COMMON QUESTIONS

Frequently asked questions

What is i?

It is the imaginary unit defined by i^2=-1, extending the real numbers so equations such as x^2+1=0 have solutions.

Is magnitude the same as the real part?

No. Magnitude combines both components as sqrt(real^2+imaginary^2).