Finance

Price Elasticity Calculator

Calculate price elasticity of demand to measure how quantity demanded responds to price changes.

CALCULATOR

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Instant results
1.22
Price Elasticity of Demand
Revenue Change$-400.00
InterpretationElastic demand — quantity is highly responsive to price changes

THE NUMORIX GUIDE

How to use the Price Elasticity Calculator

Last reviewed September 14, 2026

What this calculator does

The engine uses the midpoint (arc) method: percent quantity change = (Q2 - Q1) / ((Q1 + Q2) / 2) x 100 and percent price change = (P2 - P1) / ((P1 + P2) / 2) x 100.

Formula and method

The engine uses the midpoint (arc) method: percent quantity change = (Q2 - Q1) / ((Q1 + Q2) / 2) x 100 and percent price change = (P2 - P1) / ((P1 + P2) / 2) x 100. Elasticity is the absolute value of their ratio, while revenue change is P2 x Q2 - P1 x Q1.

Variables and inputs

Enter price 1, price 2, quantity 1, and quantity 2. Prices are currency per unit and quantities are units sold. The form has no product, time period, or unit selector, so both observations must be comparable.

Worked example

With price rising from $10 to $12 and quantity falling from 1,000 to 800, midpoint quantity change is -22.22% and midpoint price change is 18.18%. Elasticity is about 1.22, so the engine labels demand elastic; revenue falls from $10,000 to $9,600, a change of -$400.

How to interpret the result

An elasticity above 1 means the percentage quantity response is larger than the percentage price change under this two-point comparison. The engine reports magnitude only, so the separate revenue result is needed to see the direction of the sales-dollar change.

Common mistakes to avoid

Use matching price and quantity observations and let the formula use midpoint denominators. Do not enter percentage changes in the raw fields. Keep a price increase's negative quantity response distinct from the absolute elasticity value.

Assumptions and limitations

Two observations cannot establish causation or isolate a demand curve from advertising, income, seasonality, competition, and supply changes. Zero or malformed prices and quantities are not rejected by the pure engine and can create undefined or misleading ratios.

Sources and references

COMMON QUESTIONS

Frequently asked questions

Why does the calculator use midpoint percentages?

The midpoint method gives the same magnitude when moving from the first observation to the second or reversing the order. It avoids choosing only the first value as the percentage base.

Why is elasticity shown as positive?

The engine takes the absolute value to classify demand as elastic, inelastic, or unit elastic. The usual inverse price-quantity direction is not shown in the headline number.

Why can revenue fall when price rises?

If the quantity reduction is proportionally large enough, the lower number of units outweighs the higher price. The engine reports that effect separately as P2Q2 minus P1Q1.