Math

Percentage Calculator

Calculate percentages, increases, decreases, and tips.

CALCULATOR

Enter your numbers

Instant results

Find a percentage of a number

THE NUMORIX GUIDE

How to use the Percentage Calculator

Last reviewed September 12, 2026

What this percentage calculator does

The calculator supports common percentage questions: finding a percentage of a number, finding what percentage one number is of another, measuring an increase or decrease, and estimating a tip. Each mode names the base value so the same two numbers are not accidentally interpreted in different ways.

Percentage formulas

Percentage of a number: result = percentage / 100 x base. What percentage: percentage = part / base x 100. Percentage change: change = (new value - original value) / original value x 100. A tip uses bill x tip rate, then adds the tip to the bill when a total is needed. The inputs are percentage, base, part, original value, new value, bill amount, and tip rate depending on the selected mode.

Worked examples

15% of $240 is 0.15 x 240 = $36. If $36 is compared with a $240 base, it represents 15%. A change from $240 to $276 is a 15% increase; a change from $240 to $204 is a 15% decrease. In each case, the original value is the comparison base.

How to interpret the result

A percentage is a relative comparison, not an amount by itself. A 20% change on $50 and a 20% change on $5,000 have the same rate but very different dollar effects. Percentage increases and decreases are not always reversible because their bases differ. For discounts and tax, confirm whether the displayed percentage applies before or after the other adjustment.

Common mistakes to avoid

Identify the original or base number before calculating. Do not use the new value as the denominator when the question asks for change from the original. Keep a percentage such as 15% separate from its decimal form, 0.15, until the multiplication step.

Assumptions and limitations

The calculator performs arithmetic from the mode and values entered. It does not decide whether a price, tax rate, tip, discount, or growth assumption is appropriate for a particular transaction or jurisdiction.

Sources and references

COMMON QUESTIONS

Frequently asked questions

What is the base number in a percentage calculation?

The base is the number used as the reference. For percentage change, it is normally the original value; for a tip, it is usually the bill amount.

Why is a 20% increase not reversed by a 20% decrease?

The decrease is calculated from the increased value, which is a different base. Returning to the original value requires a different percentage.

How do I convert a percentage to a decimal?

Divide the percentage by 100. For example, 15% becomes 0.15, which can then be multiplied by the base amount.

FROM THE NUMORIX GUIDES

Learn more before you decide